Apparatus for crushing ores and other material



H. w. HARDINGEI APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING ORES AND OTHER MATERIAL. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. I919.

1,367,777. Patented Feb. 8,1921.

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H. W. HARDINGE.

APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING ORES AND OTHER MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. 19| 9.

1,367,777, Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

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11 1 v o I l. 000 w o I I Allll commonl "11 the cy indrical portion and, 12 the outlet NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY W. HARDINGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

- APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING ORES AND OTHER MATERIAL. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY W. HARDINGE, a citizen of the United States, residin at New York, county and State of New ork,

have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Apparatus for Crushing Ores and other Material, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention which constitutes the subject matter of this application relates to an apparatus for disintegrating ores or other materials. From a more specific aspect the invention relates-to improvements in comcal mills whereby the time and power required to reduce,a predetermined quantity of comparatively soft material to a predetel-mined size are minimized. The nature of the invention will be more readily understood by first describing a specific. formpf apparatus by which the same may be carried out in practice.

In the drawings: Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectlon of a conical mill showing myinvention.

Fig. 2 illustrates a skeletonized form of shell that may be employed in lieu of the perforated shell illustrated in Fig. l. Fig. 3 illustrates a modified form of 1ming that may be used in connection wlth the shells illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring to the drawings in detail the reference numeral 10 designates what is referred to as the inlet portion,

portion of the mill. The entire walls of the mill, and in particular the cylindrical and outlet portions thereof, are provided with perforations 1,8 to enable the crushedmaterial to pass directly to the outlet. Surrounding the mill is a non-rotating housing 14, in which the mill revolves serv ng to convey the crushed material to any suitable discharge point such as indicated by the reference numeral 15. The numeral 16 designates a gear wheel which is suitably connected to some power operating device whereby the mill may be rotated upon its longitudinal axis, while the numeral 17 designates the grinding media employed within the mill for grinding or crushing the material fed thereto.

The interior walls of the mill are provided with a replaceable lining 18 provided with perforations therein corresponding to the perforations 13 in the shell of the mill.

In Fig. 2 is illustrated a shell of skele- Specifi cation of Letters Patent.

tonized construction. Ithas this advantage that owing to the large openings 13 therein the perforated lining material may be placed PatentedFebl 8, 1921.

Application filed February 6, 1919. Serial No. 275,299.

cal mill over the cylindrical type is found in the saving of operating power and in the lessened Wear and tear on the mill structure. For example, a conical mill usually requires for driving it at least fifty per cent. less power than acylindrical mill of the same output. The remarkable efiiciency of the conical type of mill is due to the fact, fully explained in my prior Patent No. 908,861, that the rindin bodies and the masses and lumps o materlal undergoing disintegration in the mill arrange themselves in a sort .of vertical stratification according to,size,

the bodies and masses being largest in the zone of greatest diameter and graduall diminishing 1n size toward the apex o the conical outlet portion. The result is that the larger masses are subjected to heavy forces or impacts and the smaller masses to correspondingly lighter impacts. When the mill is operated at its rated capacity the assorting of the material to size is remarkably ac curate, butif the material is fed to the mill too fast, as is often done in the effort to increase its output, the fines donot travel toward the outlet as fast as they should, with the result that the coarse particles find themselves embedded in fine material. The latter has a pronounced cushioning effect, which lighter, and have less fall. The net result is that large proportion of coarse particles pass out with the fines. As smaller pieces are broken from the larger pieces the smaller disintegrated particles find their way through the spaces between the grindin media and out of the orifices in the shell an lining, thus tending to eliminate the cushioning effect which greatly militates against further disintegration of the remaining larger pieces. As the larger pieces diminish in size, but not sufiiciently small to pass the orifices nor requiring the inltial force for further division, they migrate to zones of the cone of smaller diameter, when they are acted upon by the diminishing size of grindifig media and energy forces, maintaining a .fair relation between actual necessary breaking force and resistance to division and are discharged as soon as disintegrated to a size sufficiently small to pass through the perforations in the-cone.

The perforations or apertures are particularly advantageous in the conical outlet portion of the mill, as it is here that'the cushioning effect spokenof is most serious, and it is also important to have the interior of the conical outlet portion of the mill free, that is, devoid of barriers, dams, or other obstacles, so that the masses and pieces can assort themselves freely.

I claim:

1. In a conical mill, a drum having a conii emma 4 cal outlet portion free from inner obstructions and containing a multiplicity of freely and individually tumbling, crushing elements, themajor portion of the lateral surface of said conicalportion having outlet openings to permit escape of the material as fast as it is reduced to particles of a prede termined size.

2. lin a conical mill, a barrel or drum having a conical outlet portion and containing a multiplicity of freely and individually rolling, crushing elements, the interior of" the conical outlet portion being free from obstructions to the free assorting of the material' according to size and having a multiplicity of apertures in its Wall to permit escape of the material as fast as it is reduced to particles of predetermined size.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

HARRY W. nenninen, 

